Field research and monitoring in the Severn Estuary are essential for understanding its biodiversity and environmental changes. However, these activities can inadvertently spread invasive non-native species (INNS) if proper biosecurity protocols are not followed. Research teams moving between different locations may unknowingly carry INNS via their equipment and activities. Kit and equipment can harbour microscopic organisms, animals (as eggs and in their larval, juvenile and adult life stages) and seaweed (as fragments or spores) which are not always visible to the naked eye.

Key vectors include: 

• Equipment transfer: Sampling gear, such as nets, traps, and sediment cores, can carry INNS if not thoroughly cleaned and dried between sites. Damp or dirty equipment provides an ideal environment for invasive non-native species to survive and spread. 
• Boat use: Research vessels can transport INNS on hulls, in ballast water, or within compartments. Fouling organisms attached to boats may spread to new areas when vessels move between sites. 
• Personnel and clothing: Wet suits, boots, and other gear can retain water or biological material, which may harbour INNS. Without proper cleaning, these items can introduce INNS to new areas. 
• Sediment and water samples: Improper handling of samples can accidentally release INNS back into the environment or lab settings. Samples should be securely contained and safely disposed of. 

To reduce these risks, research teams should follow strict biosecurity protocols, including thorough cleaning and drying of equipment, proper boat maintenance, and careful handling of samples.  

Relevant stakeholders for this action plan include Nature Conservation Bodies, Academic and Research Institutions, Conservation and eNGOs and Citizen Science Initiatives.